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Жилищно-коммунальное хозяйство. Домоводство. Бытовое обслуживание (0)
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Сельское хозяйство. Лесное хозяйство. Охота. Рыболовное хозяйство (0)
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Строительство. Строительные материалы. Строительно-монтажные работы (0)
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Управление предприятиями. Организация производства, торговли и транспорта (0)
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Химическая технология. Химическая промышленность. Родственные отрасли (0)
Количество страниц: 11 с.
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом,
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Сельское хозяйство. Лесное хозяйство. Охота. Рыболовное хозяйство,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Сельское хозяйство. Лесное хозяйство. Охота. Рыболовное хозяйство.
The development and application of “smart”, multifunctional, and hybrid materials are among the most significant areas of modern materials science. This article presents the results of mechanical testing, microstructural analysis, evaluation of electrophysical properties, and stochastic modeling of the failure of samples made from a concrete composite reinforced with recycled secondary materials in the form of reduced graphene oxide. The aim of this work was to create materials with increased strength and a given electrical conductivity. An overview of research on the creation and modeling of failure processes in hybrid materials is provided. Approaches for assessing stress states are presented, and the use of the concept of the pre-fracture zone and structural scale to describe failure processes in quasi-brittle materials is justified. It has been shown that the high strength and electrical conductivity properties of graphene can significantly enhance the characteristics of a hybrid composite material with a low concentration of modifier. Concrete samples were prepared with graphene oxide mass fractions of 0.2% and 0.5%. Structural and chemical characterizations were conducted via scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. Mechanical testing demonstrated that the inclusion of reduced graphene oxide at 0.5% concentration increased strength by 48% and decreased electrical resistance to 550-600 ohms, with conductivity values reverting to baseline upon load removal. These findings suggest that graphene modification significantly enhances the electrical and mechanical performance of concrete composites. Therefore, these hybrid materials hold considerable potential for use in structural health monitoring systems, self heating elements, grounding electrodes, and for improving the reliability and safety of energy infrastructure and engineering systems, especially those functioning in harsh Arctic and Subarctic environments.
Лепов, В. В.
Прочность и электропроводность бетонных композитов, модифицированных оксидом графена / В. В. Лепов, Д. Н. Попов, А. С. Анисимов ; Институт физико-технических проблем Севера им. В. П. Ларионова СО РАН, Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Природные ресурсы Арктики и Субарктики. - 2025. - Т. 30, N 3. - С. 510-520. - DOI: 10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-3-510-520
DOI: 10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-3-500-509
Количество страниц: 10 с.
To promote the widespread use of polyethylene pipes in constructing gas pipelines in cold climates, it is essential to develop a welding technology that enables repair and restoration without the need for heated shelters. This article investigates the operational electrofusion welding of polyethylene pipes at low temperatures in open air, focusing on controlling the crystallization of the weld material.To reduce the time required for making a joint in low temperatures, we propose using a preheating method using an embedded heater, followed by equalizing temperatures through free cooling. Calculations of the welding temperature regime, performed using the finite element method, indicate that subsequent heating, according to the welding parameters under standard conditions, results in a melt volume that corresponds to the weld melt volume at acceptable air temperatures.To maintain the appropriate crystallization conditions for the polyethylene melt during welding in low-temperature environments, we suggest varying the heater power over time. To determine the time dependence of the embedded heater’s power required for proper crystallization of the weld material and heat-affected zone, we solve the inverse problem of thermal conductivity through the gradient minimization of the functional.Using Dolfin/FEniCS software, we conducted a comparative analysis of temperature distributions and their effects on welding stresses during the implementation of the proposed method versus standard technology. Our calculations demonstrate that when utilizing controlled crystallization, the stresses between the pipe and coupling remain within permissible limits. Studies conducted with a JEOL JSM-7800F scanning electron microscope on supramolecular structural formations in the heat-affected zone revealed that the proposed controlled crystallization technique enables the formation of spherulites in the heat-affected zone, with sizes comparable to those observed in welding under normal conditions.
Тихонов, Р. С.
Управление температурным режимом сварки полиэтиленовых труб в условиях низких температур / Р. С. Тихонов, Н. П. Старостин ; Институт проблем нефти и газа СО РАН // Природные ресурсы Арктики и Субарктики. - 2025, Т. 30, N 3. - С. 500-509. - DOI: 10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-3-500-509
DOI: 10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-3-500-509
Количество страниц: 14 с.
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом,
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Медицина > Патология. Клиническая медицина > Педиатрия,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Медицина > Ветеринария,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом.
Thermal imaging technology, commonly referred to as infrared thermography (IRT), has become a valuable non-invasive method for investigating various physiological processes, health conditions, and behavioral responses in animals. This method enables the recording of surface body temperature distribution, allowing for contactless assessment of thermoregulation, stress levels, inflammatory processes, and certain adaptive mechanisms in animals. IRT is frequently used to monitor animals during physical activities under conditions where maintaining thermal homeostasis is critical, including exposure to complex environmental stressors. Moreover, it is used in studies examining behavioral responses across diverse animal species, such as social interactions and adaptation to climate change. This article reviews modern approaches and applications of thermal imaging technology in research involving both domestic and wild mammal species. It highlights the effective integration of IRT with other diagnostic and observational methods, making it a valuable tool not only in biomedical research but also in environmental and physiological studies. Additionally, the article discusses future prospects for this technology, including its integration with unmanned aerial vehicles (drones), artificial intelligence systems, and mobile platforms. Progress in standardizing research protocols for assessing specific physiological responses in animals under various conditions is expected to enhance both fundamental and applied research. These developments will also promote the wider use of thermal maging technologies, particularly in horse breeding.
Тепловизионные технологии в изучении животных / Л. Н. Владимиров, Г. Н. Мачахтыров, В. А. Мачахтырова, Я. Л. Шадрина, В. В. Слепцова, В. А. Алексеев ; Академия наук Республики Саха (Якутия), Якутский НИИ сельского хозяйства им. М. Г. Сафронова, Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Природные ресурсы Арктики и Субарктики. - 2025. - Т. 30, N 3. - С. 486-499. - DOI: 10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-3-486-499
DOI: 10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-3-486-499
Количество страниц: 15 с.
The total expanse of hunting territories in Yakutia covers approximately 241 million hectares, providing substantial potential for hunting activities, which are a vital component of both the region’s cultural heritage and economic framework. The fur-bearing mammal fauna in Yakutia includes species such as sable (Martes zibellina), fox (Vulpes vulpes), brown bear (Ursus arctos), wolf (Canis lupus), muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris), white hare (Lepus timidus), ermine (Mustela erminea), Siberian weasel (Mustela sibiricus), arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), wolverine (Gulo gulo), lynx (Lynx lynx), American mink (Neogale vison). This study used data derived from winter route surveys, questionnaires completed by hunting service providers and state inspectors, and records related to hunting and commercial animal production. Among the species studied, the sable holds particular significance. The consistent level of sable harvesting, alongside an observed increase in its population, suggests the effectiveness of conservation measures implemented to protect this valuable species. The muskrat ranks second in terms of harvest volume and exhibits a notably low seizure rate of 1-2%. Despite a 62% increase in squirrel populations over the past decade, squirrels remain economically unviable targets due to their low market prices. According to winter route surveys, populations of all fur-bearing animals in Yakutia are gradually increasing. However, this trend is accompanied by a rise in predator populations, raising ecological concerns and requiring prompt regulatory actions, including population control. The underexploited potential of fur-bearing animals in Yakutia stems from low market prices, limited consumer demand, underdeveloped processing and marketing infrastructure, and insufficient information and training for hunters. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive government strategy involving financial support for hunting, advancement of innovative processing and marketing technologies, hunter training programs, and initiatives promoting locally sourced fur products. This integrated approach would ensure the sustainable, efficient use of Yakutia’s natural resources and the long-term viability of its hunting industry.
Степанова, В. В.
Современное состояние ресурсов пушных зверей в Якутии / В. В. Степанова ; Институт биологических проблем криолитозоны СО РАН // Природные ресурсы Арктики и Субарктики. - 2025, Т. 30, N 3. - С. 465-479. - DOI: 10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-3-465-479
DOI: 10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-3-465-479
Количество страниц: 7 с.
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Горное дело. Горные предприятия (рудники, шахты, карьеры),
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Горное дело. Горные предприятия (рудники, шахты, карьеры).
This article presents the findings of experimental investigations conducted to assess the influence of alternating temperature variations on the energy consumption associated with the destruction of dolomite samples from the Internatsionalnaya pipe and limestone samples from the Mokhsogolloh quarry. The evaluations were carried out under nival conditions, involving exposure to varying concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions, with salt concentrations ranging from 0% to 20%. The findings reveal that after five freeze-thaw cycles in a nival environment, the energy required for the destruction of dolomite from the Internatsionalnaya pipe decreased by 6% in the absence of salt (0% concentration). However, as the concentration of salt in the solution increased, the energy necessary for the destruction of the dolomite samples escalated to levels comparable to those recorded prior to the freeze-thaw cycles. In contrast, the energy required for the degradation of limestone samples from the Mokhsogolloh quarry decreased by a maximum of 15% after five freeze-thaw cycles, regardless of the salt concentration present in the solution. Thus, unlike the dolomite from the Internatsionalnaya pipe, the influence of salt concentration on the energy intensity of limestone destruction from the Mokhsogolloh quarry was not observed. Furthermore, it was concluded that nival weathering conditions have a lesser effect on the examined rock samples compared to aquatic conditions.
Захаров, Е. В.
Энергоемкость разрушения карбонатных пород в нивальных условиях при различных уровнях засоленности / Е. В. Захаров ; Институт горного дела Севера им. Н. В. Черского СО РАН // Природные ресурсы Арктики и Субарктики. - 2025. - N 2, Т. 30. - С. 231-237. - DOI: 10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-2-231-237
DOI: 10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-2-231-237
Количество страниц: 11 с.
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Строительство подземных сооружений. Земляные работы,
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Строительство. Строительные материалы. Строительно-монтажные работы.
- 1. Чудинов Павел Леонидович, Фридовский Валерий Юрьевич. Применение алгоритмов машинного обучения для прогнозирования золоторудной минерализации Верхнеамгинского щелочного массива, Алдано-Становой щит = Application of machine learning algorithms to predict gold mineralizationin the Verkhneamginsky alkaline massif, Aldan-Stanovoy Shield
- 2. Андреева Сахая Николаевна. Стратегии жизни плотнодерновинных злаков Festuca lenensis Drob. и Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers. в степных сообществах Центральной Якутии = The life strategies of firm-bunch grasses Festuca lenensis Drob. and Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers. in the steppe communities of Central Yakutia
- 3. Рожина Сахаяна Михайловна, Местникова Анна Александровна, Cлепцов Игорь Витальевич. Хемотаксономические исследования деревьев рода Larix на территории Центральной Якутии = Chemotaxonomic investigations of Larix species in Central Yakutia
- 4. Боескоров Василий Степанович, Саввинов Григорий Николаевич. Ископаемые остатки мезофауны четвертичного периода Янского плато как индикаторы палеоландшафтных условий позднего плейстоцена = Fossil specimens of the mesofauna from the Quaternary period of the Yana Plateau as indicators of the paleolandscape conditions during the late Pleistocene
- 5. Жуков Михаил Андреевич. Вопросы реализации Национального проекта "Биоэкономика" в Арктической зоне Российской Федерации = Issues with implementation regarding the National Project “Bioeconomics” in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation
- 6. Кершенгольц Борис Моисеевич. Национальный проект России "Биоэкономика" на Северо-Востоке Евразии: биопрепараты из тканей холодоадаптированных дикоросов и аборигенных видов животных = National project of Russia “Bioeconomics” in the North-East of Eurasia: biopreparations from tissues of cold-adapted wild plants and native animal species
- 7. Васильев Андрей Петрович, Охлопкова Айталина Алексеевна, Стручкова Татьяна Семеновна, Алексеев Алексей Гаврильевич. Влияние механохимической активации диоксида церия на структуру и свойства политетрафторэтилена = Effect of mechanochemical activation of cerium dioxide on the structure and properties of polytetrafluoroethylene
- 8. Ксю Мингсян, Гоголева Ольга Владимировна, Соколова Марина Дмитриевна, Петрова Павлина Николаевна, Федоров Андрей Леонидович, Кондаков Михаил Николаевич, Чжан Дайфен. Исследование изменения свойств СВМПЭ в натурных условиях г. Якутск в зависимости от сезона экспонирования = Study of the changes in the properties of UHMWPE under the natural environmental conditions of Yakutsk based on seasonal exposure
- 9. Природные ресурсы Арктики и Субарктики = Arctic and Subarctic natural resources, 2025, №2 (Т. 30)
The investigation into the influence of water on the mechanical properties of rocks is essential for their effective application in various fields, particularly in mining, dam construction, tunneling, and waste management. The presence of water within the pore spaces of geological materials, along with the existence of pores, cracks, and voids, plays a significant role in determining their mechanical characteristics. This study presents the results of an experimental investigation into the effects of water saturation conditions on the compressive strength of dolomite and limestone specimens, which are recognized as host rocks in the diamond deposits found in the Botuobinskaya and Dalnaya tubes. Following established research methodologies, specific water saturation regimes were selected, and mechanical tests were conducted on specimens that were saturated to predetermined levels and subsequently maintained for varying durations. The results from the three series of tests revealed the dependence of the compressive strength of dolomite on the duration of holding time. A significant effect of holding time on the material’s strength was observed, indicating that it can lead to both a decrease and an increase in strength. This phenomenon is hypothesized to be associated with a non-homogeneous distribution of water and the development of a “dry” core within the specimen. The analysis indicates that, within the framework of the “dry” core model, various fracture scenarios may develop within the material. These scenarios will affect the nature of the dependence of the specimen’s strength on holding time in a wet condition, including its non-monotonic behavior. The findings are not only fundamentally important for advancing the understanding and accurate description of the mechanisms of water interaction with rock but also have practical implications for assessing the stability and long-term durability of flooded mine workings.
Сукнев, С. В.
Влияние условий водонасыщения на прочность карбонатных пород при сжатии / С. В. Сукнев ; Институт горного дела Севера им. Н. В. Черского СО РАН // Природные ресурсы Арктики и Субарктики. - 2025. - N 2, Т. 30. - С. 220-230. - DOI: 10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-2-220-230
DOI: 10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-2-220-230
Количество страниц: 9 с.
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Горное дело. Горные предприятия (рудники, шахты, карьеры),
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Горное дело. Горные предприятия (рудники, шахты, карьеры).
Subpermafrost aquifers are distinguished by their low stratum temperatures and pressures that approximate conventional hydrostatic pressures, rendering them suitable geological formations for the organization of underground gas storage facilities in a hydrate state. The design of such facilities requires the execution of experimental studies focused on hydrate formation within porous media. This paper examines the subpermafrost aquifers located in the Vilyui syneclise, where the hydrate stability zone covers Cretaceous and Jurassic deposits, specifically terrigenous-clayey strata. The mineralogical and granulometric composition, density, porosity, and moisture content, along with the presence of clays in the porous medium, influence the conditions conducive to hydrate formation. Therefore, the investigation of hydrate formation in clayey soils is a critical component that will support the development of underground gas storage facilities. To analyze the thermobaric conditions associated with hydrate formation, the method of differential thermal analysis was employed. The samples of porous media comprised clayey soils with varying moisture content, ranging from 15% to 40%. The results indicate that in soils with a moisture content of 20% or greater, a mechanical mixture of hydrates consisting of nearly pure methane and gases with higher molecular weights is produced. Additionally, it was observed that an increase in the moisture content of clay soils correlates with a decrease in the kinetic characteristics of hydrate formation. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that porous media characterized by clay layers with minimal moisture content are optimal for the establishment of underground gas storage facilities in a hydrated state
Иванова И. К., Калачева Л. П., Портнягин А. С., Бубнова А. Р., Иванов В. К., Лукина Ю. В., Александров А. Р.
Равновесные условия и кинетика гидратообразования природного газа в глинистых грунтах Мархинского месторождения // Природные ресурсы Арктики и Субарктики. 2025; 30(2): 177-185. https://doi.org/10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-2-177-185
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31242/2618-9712-2025-30-2-177-185
Количество страниц: 11 с.
The article considers the problems and ways of efficient utilization of associated petroleum gas. The geological causes of excess production of associated petroleum gas at the developed fields of the Nepa-Botuobinskaya anteclise in the southwest of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are designated. The inexpediency of utilizing associated petroleum gas by generating electricity is noted due to the excess of the latter in the region. The infrastructural, technological and fiscal factors contributing to the flaring of associated petroleum gas are listed. Based on the territorial location of the developed fields, the Talakanskaya, Botuobinskaya and Mirninskaya oil production locations are identified. The reserves of dissolved gas and gas cap gas for the developed oil fields are presented as a percentage of the total reserves of the developed fields. It is concluded that the Botuobinskaya oil production location with excess production of associated petroleum gas is the one with the best gas reserves. For the efficient utilization of associated petroleum gas, it is proposed to organize a large gas (energy) consumer in the form of data processing centers (DPC) with fiber-optic communication lines (FOCL) to Northern China on the territory of the Botuobinskaya oil production location. Aggregated calculations show a favorable difference (more than 50 times) in the cost of laying a FOCL line relative to the construction of a gas pipeline with a similar length. It is concluded that the remoteness of the territory, the availability of a cheap energy source and a free cold climate will determine the advantage in all the main processes of energy consumption of the DPC. To level out the costs associated with construction in hard-to-reach areas, it is proposed to apply tax breaks to construction projects for the utilization of associated petroleum gas.
Сивцев, А. И.
Монетизация газа без труб / А. И. Сивцев, И. И. Рожин, В. Г. Кычкина ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова, Институт проблем нефти и газа СО РАН, Якутский научный центр СО РАН // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Науки о Земле". - 2025. - N 3 (39). - С. 44-54. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2025-1-44-54
DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2025-1-44-54
Количество страниц: 14 с.
- Прикладные науки. Медицина. Ветеринария. Техника. Сельское хозяйство > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Горное дело. Горные предприятия (рудники, шахты, карьеры),
- НАУКА ЯКУТИИ > ПРИКЛАДНЫЕ НАУКИ. МЕДИЦИНА. ТЕХНИКА. СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО > Инженерное дело. Техника в целом > Горное дело. Горные предприятия (рудники, шахты, карьеры).
The instability of an open wellbore during directional and horizontal drilling is a critical issue that can lead to emergencies and significant economic losses. One of the key methods to prevent wellbore collapse is the careful selection of drilling fluid density based on geomechanical modeling. The objective of this study is a comparative analysis of the influence of the most commonly used failure criteria (Coulomb-Mohr, Drucker-Prager, Hoek-Brown, Mohr-Coulomb, and Lade) on the calculation of drilling fluid density required to ensure wellbore stability. The work involves one-dimensional geomechanical modeling using the RN-SIGMA 2.0 software package with logging data (density, interval transit times of longitudinal and transverse waves) from five wells obtained from open sources. We calculated profiles of geostatic and pore pressures, dynamic and static elastic properties (Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio), strength properties (uniaxial compressive and tensile strength limits, internal friction angle), as well as horizontal stresses according to a poroelastic model. The results showed that the choice of failure criterion significantly affects the required drilling fluid density to prevent wellbore collapse. The lowest density values were obtained using the Lade criterion, while the highest values corresponded to the Hoek-Brown and Drucker-Prager criteria. The classical linear Coulomb-Mohr criterion yielded intermediate density values. These differences are due to different mathematical formulations of the criteria and their consideration of various rock failure mechanisms. The findings indicate the necessity of carefully selecting a failure criterion appropriate for the lithology and mechanical properties of specific rock intervals.
Колесов, А. Е.
Исследование влияния критериев разрушения на устойчивость ствола скважины в процессе бурения / А. Е. Колесов ; Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им.М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Науки о Земле". - 2025. - N 3 (39). - С. 5-18. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2025-1-5-18
DOI: 10.25587/2587-8751-2025-1-5-18
Количество страниц: 8 с.
Обеспечение здоровья обучающейся молодежи рассматривается как одна из ключевых социальных задач общества. Учебный процесс в высших учебных заведениях часто вызывает перегрузку обучающихся, что ведет к увеличению психоэмоциональной напряженности, исчерпанию адаптационных ресурсов нервной, эндокринной и иммунной систем, а также к повышенному риску развития заболеваний. В статье представлены данные, отражающие состояние здоровья студентов медицинского института (МИ) СВФУ имени М.К. Аммосова. Цель исследования - анализ образа жизни и уровня заболеваемости студентов МИ Северо-Восточного федерального университета имени М. К. Аммосова. Материалы и методы: аналитический обзор литературы; социологический (поперечное исследование) - проведено ретроспективное исследование журнала ежегодного профилактического медицинского осмотра, анализ журнала диспансерного учета за 2019-2022 гг.; обработка анкетных данных и статистический анализ проводились с использованием Microsoft Office Excel. Результаты: с целью анализа влияния образовательного процесса на здоровье студентов высшего учебного заведения было проведено социологическое исследование в МИ СВФУ имени М.К. Аммосова. В опросе участвовали 40 студентов. Дополнительно данные о заболеваемости были получены на основе результатов ежегодных профилактических медицинских осмотров студентов в клинике СВФУ, что осуществлялось посредством анализа медицинского журнала. В осмотре приняли участие 198 студентов различных курсов кафедры стоматологии и сестринского дела. Установлено, что заболеваемость студентов МИ находится на неудовлетворительном уровне. Студенты испытывают напряжение в компенсаторно-приспособительных системах организма в связи с многогранным социально-психофизиологическим процессом во время учебы. Эта ситуация характеризуется умственным и психоэмоциональным стрессом, что приводит к нарушениям режима труда, отдыха и питания. Студенты МИ подвержены таким заболеваниям, как железодефицитная анемия и заболевания желудочно-кишечного тракта, среди которых наиболее распространённым является хронический гастрит, составляющий 59 % от общего числа заболеваний этой системы. Также наблюдаются заболевания сердечно-сосудистой системы, наиболее часто встречающимся из которых является эссенциальная гипертензия (55 %). Среди эндокринных заболеваний 53 % случаев составляют случаи ожирения, а среди патологий органов дыхания выделяются хронический тонзиллит (38 %) и бронхиальная астма (24 %). Кроме того, фиксируются патологии глаз, связанные с нарушениями рефракции и аккомодации. Выводы: здоровье студентов медицинского института в процессе их обучения демонстрирует негативную динамику. К основным факторам, способствующим ухудшению здоровья, относятся значительные интеллектуальные нагрузки, несоблюдение режима дня и питания, недостаточная физическая активность, а также наличие вредных привычек. Эти обстоятельства подчеркивают необходимость оптимизации работы высшего учебного заведения в сфере охраны здоровья, а также координации усилий всех участников образовательного процесса, нацеленных на мотивацию студентов к ведению здорового образа жизни.
Ensuring the health of teaching youth is considered as one of the key social tasks for the whole society. Modern students are specialists, on whose future decisions the development of our country will largely depend. However, the educational process in higher education institutions often causes an overload of students, which leads to an increase in psycho-emotional tension, exhaustion of adaptive resources of the nervous, endocrine and immune systems, as well as an increased risk of developing diseases. This article presents data reflecting the state of health of students of the Institute of Medicine, M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University. Purpose of the study was to study the lifestyle and morbidity of students of the Institute of Medicine, M. K. Ammosov NEFU. Materials and methods: 1. Analytical - literature review. 2. Sociological (cross-sectional study). A retrospective study of the annual preventive medical examination log, analysis of the dispensary registration log for 2019-2022 was conducted. 3. Processing of questionnaire data and statistical analysis were carried out using Microsoft Office Excel. Results: In order to analyze the impact of the educational process on the health of university students, a sociological study was conducted at the Institute of Medicine, M. K. Ammosov NEFU. 40 students participated in the survey. Additionally, data on morbidity were obtained based on the results of annual preventive medical examinations of students at the NEFU clinic, which was carried out through the analysis of a medical journal. The examination was attended by 198 students of various courses of the Department of Dentistry and Nursing. In the course of the research, it was found that the morbidity rate of students of the Institute of Medicine is at an unsatisfactory level, which, in turn, is not unexpected. In the new conditions of social university education, yesterday’s schoolchildren are faced with a complex socio-psychophysiological process that causes tension in the compensatory and adaptive systems of the students’ body. This condition is characterized by mental and psycho-emotional stress that accompanies violations in work, rest and nutrition regimes. Students of the Institute of Medicine are mainly susceptible to diseases such as iron deficiency anemia, diseases of the digestive system (in particular, chronic gastritis, which accounts for 59 % of cases of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract), diseases of the cardiovascular system (where essential hypertension is the most common, accounting for 55 %), the endocrine system (53 obesity accounts for % of cases), respiratory diseases (in particular, chronic tonsillitis - 38 %, bronchial asthma - 24 %) and eye diseases (refractive and accommodation disorders). Findings: The health of medical students during their studies shows a tendency to deteriorate. The key factors contributing to a negative impact on health include significant intellectual stress, non-compliance with the daily routine and diet, insufficient physical activity, as well as the presence of bad habits. These circumstances confirm the need to optimize the work of higher education institutions in the field of health, as well as to coordinate the efforts of all participants in the educational process aimed at attracting students to a healthy lifestyle.
Донская, Н. И.
Образ жизни и заболеваемость студентов-медиков / Н. И. Донская, Л. Ф. Тимофеев ; Медицинский институт Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова // Вестник Северо-Восточного федерального университета им. М. К. Аммосова. Серия "Медицинские науки". - 2025. - N 3 (40). - С. 99-106. - DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2025-3-99-105
DOI: 10.25587/2587-5590-2025-3-99-105